Monday, March 31, 2008

Foot care on the go

Foot care on the go

Pair of Richmond nurses offer medical treatment for your ailing feet, right in your home

Philip Raphael, Staff Reporter

Got a problem with your heart, make an appointment to see a heart specialist. Need some help with a sore back, go to a chiropractor.

Experiencing some nagging problems with your poor old feet?

Well, you'll deal with that yourself, when you get around to it, right?

That's the scenario played out by many people who give their feet the brush off instead of getting proper care.

But thanks to a new service, professional medical attention to those painful callouses, in-grown toenails, or more serious problems like poor circulation and feeling due to diabetes, can walk right through your front door because a pair of Richmond nurses are offering in-home foot treatments.

And it is starting to catch on, especially since waits to see a foot specialist (podiatrist) can be as long as eight weeks, and a foot care nurse like Michelle Jackson or Shamim Murji can be on your doorstep literally the next day.

Started in September, Jackson's M.J. Footcare, and Murji's Shmamim's Foot Care Clinic provide professional treatment and advice that goes beyond just keeping a pair of feet looking their best.

"It's not about pedicures," explains Jackson, who has been a registered nurse since 1965, and has spent the last seven years working with patients at Minoru Extended Care facility. "It's about proper care for your feet, which a lot of people tend to overlook."

"For some reason or another, people don't seem to take the extra effort to take care of their feet," adds Murji. "For some of our older clients, perhaps it's a question of mobility...Now, we can come out right to their homes."

For Jackson, starting the service was a way of charting a new career path. Knowing that her position was being phased out and replaced by staff with licenced practical nurse qualifications, Jackson decided to seek another line of work that would take her extensive medical experience, and work with the elderly, into account.

And she found it when she came across the Foot Care Course offered by the Victorian Order of Nurses, a four-day program that teaches how to assess a patient's condition and recognize certain problems.

"We see some pretty horrible things out there because people have spent a good part of their lives wearing shoes that are probably too small for them, or living with things like callouses, corns, or simply haven't had their toenails trimmed properly in quite a long time," Jackson says. "Many of the conditions we find people in could have been prevented if they had looked after their feet properly at the beginning."

Tools of the trade include special burrs, and even a hand-held power grinder like a Dremel tool fitted with a special foot care disc, to help quickly and easily remove built up layers of skin.

"Some clients I see have callouses that are half an inch thick, and with the special training we have, a foot nurse can take that down gradually," she explains.

In more serious conditions, like those brought on by diabetes, prompt medical attention from a foot care nurse can head off potentially dire consequences.

Jackson says when diabetes patients lose proper circulation and feeling in their feet, even slight foot discomfort due to ill-fitting shoes, or even socks, can create dangers.

"Damage can be done sometimes just by wearing the wrong type of shoes, or even socks with seams that put pressure on parts of their feet."

While they are prevented from any type of invasive procedures, Jackson and Murji said they can tell clients what problems to look for that may require the hand of a specialist.

"We want the (clients) to be well-educated on the health of their feet," Murji says.

Aside from the hands-on treatment during their home visits, Jackson and Murji can also help customers dispel some foot care fallacies, such as putting moisturizing cream between their toes, which is a big "no-no," Jackson says, because it can provide the perfect habitat nurture and spread harmful bacteria.

One of the most common conditions they see is a fungal infection that can get under the nail bed of the toe and discolour the nail. Proper foot cleansing techniques to inhibit the fungus spread are provided, and, "We can teach them to treat themselves by making a solution of water and either Dettol or Pine-Sol, soaking a rag in it, and then placing the rag in their shoes overnight to help kill off any further fungus problems," Jackson says.

The treatments are not covered by B.C.'s Medical Services Plan, and cost clients $35 for the initial visit which includes getting a complete medical history. Subsequent sessions are $30 each.

"You can't even get a plumber come out to your house for that," Jackson quips.

So far, the clients span most age groups and walks of life.

"What we're finding is that people don't know that this type of service exists. But when they do, they are very thankful," Jackson says.

The trend for foot treatment specialists is more commonplace in Victoria where a larger retirement age population has given rise to as many as 30 full-time foot care nurses in that city. In the Lower Mainland, White Rock, with its large retirement age base, has spawned a small group of foot care nurses with whom Jackson and Murji hope to strike an informal alliance.

But the ultimate plan is to establish a stand alone foot clinic where clients could visit on a regular basis.

Until then, Jackson said she will work on the goal one foot at a time.

nFor more information on foot care, call M.J. Foot Care at 604-340-3916 or Shamim's Foot Care Clinic at 604-218-4220.

Wednesday, March 26, 2008

NEFCA 17th Annual Footcare Conference

“Step into the Future” Conference Registration Form

April 11 & 12, 2008

Days Inn Kingston Hotel & Convention Centre

33 Benson St., Kingston, ON K7K 5W2

Phone (613) 546-3661 Fax (613) 544-4126

Friday Registration @ 4:00 pm – Saturday Registration @ 7:30 am

Dates

Member

Non-Members

March 3, 2008

$175.00

$200.00

Cheques must be postmarked by the above dates.

Send Conference Fee to:

NEFCA

C/O Ann Moore

237 Pineland Court

Waterloo, Ontario

N2J 2S3

Member □ Non-Member □

Name:

Business Name:

Street Address:

City/Town:

Postal Code:

Phone:

Refund Policy

Full refunds, less $50.00 processing fee will be given for cancellations received in writing

10 days prior to the conference / program date.

Refunds will not be issued for non-attendance.

NSF cheques – There will be a $35.00 charge.


NEFCA 17th Annual Footcare Conference

“Step into the future”

Friday, April 11th, 2008

4:00 - 5:30 p.m.

Registration / Shopping / Networking

5:30 – 6:30 p.m.

Welcome from the President / AGM

6:30 – 7:30p.m.

Dinner

7:30p.m. – 8:30p.m.

Networking with Jack McAlpine, Walkwel Shoes

8:30p.m.

Break / shopping / networking

Saturday April 12nd, 2008

7:30 - 8:30 a.m.

Registration / Breakfast / shopping / networking

8:30 - 8:40 a.m.

Welcome from the President

8:40 - 9:00 a.m.

Exhibitor Introductions /Announcements

9:00 - 10:30 a.m.

Nail Pathology, Graham Curryer, Chiropodist

10:3011:00 a.m.

Break / shopping / networking

11:00 a.m.– 12:00 p.m.

Compression Therapy, Sigvaris

12:00 – 1:00 p.m.

Lunch / shopping / networking

1:00 - 2:30 p.m.

Disinfection, Sterilization Ministry of Health, Clare Berry

2:30 – 3:00 p.m.

Break / shopping /networking

3:00 – 4:30 p.m.

Infection control putting into practice, Jeanne Boniface

4:30p.m.

Closing and thanks from President

Foot Care Canada- Sunday April 13,2008. Kingston Ontario

FOOT CARE CANADA

Sunday April 13, 2008. Kingston, Ontario

Invitation:

The newly appointed committee of FOOT CARE CANADA would like to take this opportunity to invite any interested foot care nurse, regulatory body, educator and/or policy maker to attend a workshop April 13, 2008 from 9:00 am – 3:15 pm, held at St. Lawrence College in Kingston, Ontario (detailed below). Nurses wishing to be considered as a Provincial /Territorial Advisor should attend this workshop and submit their resume (details attached) and a position statement to the committee for consideration. This workshop will follow a foot care conference on April 11-12th.

Background:

On September 22, 2007, a group of 60 foot care nurses, educators and managers from across Canada met in Winnipeg, Manitoba to discuss how to introduce national foot care nurse guidelines for skills, education and certification. All 60 participants supported a draft position statement proposed by an Ad Hoc committee and a consensus was reached to begin the development of a national communication strategy that could reach an estimated 3,000 – 6,000 foot care nurses in Canada. It is understood that this is a huge undertaking, and there are many steps that need to happen in order for the ultimate goal of national guidelines and certification for foot care nurses to occur.

How do I register for Foot Care Canada’s workshop on April 13th?

There will be no cost to attend! Updates on this workshop will be posted in the ‘Foot Care Canada’ section, on the following website http://www.cawc.net/open/library/clinical/specialty.html.

Currently, we are a volunteer committee without funding or office support, so if you are interested in attending the April 13th workshop, we kindly ask that you please email your name and contact information directly to our new email address at footcarecanada@yahoo.ca and we’ll look forward to meeting you! See attached agenda and mission statement.

How do I register for the foot care conference on April 11 – 12th?

Our workshop will follow a local foot care conference in Kingston, Ontario at the Day’s Inn. To register for the conference contact Linda Heber at hebers@sympatico.ca (NEFCA).

Please share this memo with any and all who may be interested.

We hope to see you there!

Foot Care Canada Committee:

Cindy Lazenby RN (Kingston, ON),

Pat MacDonald LPN (Winnipeg, MB),

Donna Schofield RN, CNephC (Cornwall, ON),

Mary MacKay RN, IIWCC (Halifax, NS)

Sandra Bird LPN (Winnipeg, MB).

FOOT CARE CANADA

Sunday April 13, 2008. Kingston, Ontario

Location: St. Lawrence College, 100 Portsmouth Avenue, Kingston Ontario.

(go to www.stlawrencecollege.ca/?iPageID=69&iMenuID=5 for virtual directions)

Flying? Book a flight directly to Kingston (it’s an easy transfer from the Toronto Airport).

Workshop Agenda

9:00 am: Welcome and Introductions:

Ø National & Regional Co-Chairs

Ø Collaboration with other Organizations

o Canadian Association of Wound Care (CAWC)

o Provincial and territorial registering bodies and nursing associations

9:30 am: Past and Present of Nursing Foot Care

10:00 am: Networking & refreshment break (Tim Horton is in the building!)

10:30 am: Nursing Foot Care: Barriers and Solutions

Ø Interactive exercise led by Pat MacDonald LPN

11:30 am: Future of Nursing Foot Care:

Ø Foot Care Canada’s Mission Statement and Goals (see attached)

Ø What can You do?

o Send us your contact info

o Attend Foot Care Canada events

o Provincial /Territorial Advisors

o Clinical or evidenced-based articles

12:15 pm: Networking & lunch (cafeteria style)

1:15 pm: What is Evidence-Based Practice and How do we Implement it?

Ø Interactive exercise led by Cindy Lazenby RN

3:15 pm: Closing


Foot Care Canada Position Statement (Jan 2008)

The Mission of Foot Care Canada is to advance the practice of foot care through a collaborative and networking process for all individuals providing foot care.

Goals:

Collaborate with health care professionals across Canada to promote optimal care and improve client outcomes.

Develop educational opportunities, national guidelines and a certification process for nursing foot care.

Promote public awareness of the benefits of foot care and of the role of a foot care nurse within the health care team.

Facilitate the development and publication of clinical and research based articles related to the advancement of nursing foot care.

What Can You Do?

  1. Send us your contact information at our new email address footcarecanada@yahoo.ca.
  2. Attend Foot Care Canada’s events. Go to www.cawc.net (Canadian Association for

Wound Care) for updates on the following upcoming events:

    1. April 13, 2008 workshop in Kingston ON.
    2. September 28-29, 2008 foot care conference/workshop in Halifax NS.
    3. November 2009 foot care/wound care conference in Quebec City, Quebec. (date TBA)
  1. Apply/submit to one of the following (go to www.cawc.net for job descriptions and specifications):
    1. Provincial/territorial advisor
    2. Conference speaker
    3. Conference sponsor
    4. Conference exhibitor
    5. Clinical or evidence-based article
  2. Spread the word…tell two colleagues and they’ll tell two colleagues…

2008 Organizational Chart:

Ø 1 Chair: Cindy Lazenby

Ø 4 Co-Chairs: Northern (Sandra Bird, acting)

Western (Pat MacDonald)

Central (Donna Schofield)

Eastern (Mary Mackay)

Ø 12-24 Provincial/Territorial Advisors (TBA) Organization Chart

Saturday, March 22, 2008

Blog Questions

Q: Hi Always Foot Care and welcome to Askablogr. I had hoped this tool would be useful to resource sites like yours, so I'll be eager to hear any feedback, your readers and patients have on the product.
Posted by Chris DeVore

A: Hi Chris, thanks.  We look forward to seeing how things work out here.  We are sure our readers will benefit from this resource.

 

 

Thursday, March 20, 2008

Saving diabetics’ feet

Saving diabetics’ feet

Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is one of the most serious sequela of diabetes mellitus - Disease management programmes (DMP) yield first results

article image
DFS, described in the Wagner classification system by six grades from the initial wound to amputation, is a slowly developing condition that presents a major challenge for the medical team, which should include podiatrists and orthopaedic technicians. In Germany alone, current estimates indicate 29,000 diabetes mellitus-induced amputations annually, most of these following an infection – particularly MRSA. 10% of all diabetics with DFS will undergo a major amputation of the lower extremities, and 20% of these patients will not survive the surgical intervention.

The problem and causes of DFS
The crucial issue with DFS is the sensor and motor polyneuropathy that affects about 60% of these patients. Sensor polyneuropathy reduces pain sensitivity, which means the patient or the family notice a weeping wound on the sole of the foot only because socks or shoes are wet. Fairly often, it is only upon discovery of such a wound and subsequent consultation with a doctor that the patient realises s/he suffers type II diabetes mellitus that needs treatment. In many such cases the patients had not paid much attention to their feet and overlooked previous symptoms, such as reduced sweat secretion, excessively warm, dry, chapped and callous feet and even deformations caused by motor neuropathy. The latter atrophies the short foot muscles and causes changes in the form of the plantar arch, which in turn leads to a different distribution of pressure when walking and, consequently, to callus formation on the foot where the pressure is most intense. Often, these physical developments are ignored because they are taken as normal signs of ageing. According to a Health Care Monitoring study, patients take their bodies for granted, or maybe fall into one of the following categories:

article image
l 21% of adults take only the most basic measures to maintain health; they consider a visit to the doctor’s surgery is an easy way out and tend to reject self-medication
l 15% of adults feel healthy; they talk and think little about their health; they know that their personal healthcare is inadequate but see no point in changing their behaviour
l 17% of adults are not interested in their individual health; they feel healthy and rarely see a doctor (Source: Health Care Monitoring, a German study involving 3,000 people.

Details: www.psychonomics.de)

According to this study 46.6% of the adult population have little or no interest in their health and react too late to a condition that would have prompted the other half of the population to see a doctor. This disinterest might explain why so many patients present with severe medical conditions.

article image
A further consequence of neuropathic disorders is diabetic neuropathic osteo-arthropathy (DNOAP or ‘Charcot foot’), which causes the plantar arch to collapse, leading to deformities due to increased pressure and callus formation.

About 30% of these patients suffer a combination of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and diabetic neuropathy, 10% have ischaemia. In both cases the prognosis is even worse than for neuropathy due to the vascular situation and poor circulation. Vascular diagnostics and reconstruction are imperative – a fact that underlines the necessity for close cooperation between diabetologists and vascular surgeons, if the patient is to have a chance to avoid amputation.
Even better: the patient can be convinced to participate in a disease management programme (DMP).

In Germany, such programmes have shown very promising results. In December 2006, the first data analyses to provide an indication as to the effectiveness of DMPs became available. In one German Federal State the condition of 44,995 patients with type II diabetes mellitus were recorded for six months (April to September) in 2006, and the study showed that very few cases of diabetic keto-acidosis had been reported. This means that diabetics in Germany are quite well prepared to avoid this dreaded life-threatening metabolic disorder. After all, 30.1% of them could get rid of typical diabetes symptoms, such as fatigue, polyuria and polydipsia (excessive thirst). High blood pressure was under control in almost 40% of them. 92.9% of the patients underwent a foot examination but only 48.6% participated in diabetes training.

These figures show that the education issue requires much more attention. This might well be the most difficult task for the medical team: The patient has to understand that he will benefit from that education and learn to control the disease and its consequences rather to be controlled by it.
Source: Phasengerechte Versorgung beim Diabetischen Fußsyndrom, Coloplast GmbH, Hamburg)

This article was published on 08/31/2007

Putting feet first: diabetic foot care worldwide

he International Diabetes Federation Consultative Section and International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) publishes its fourth document in the Time to Act series to coincide with the 2005 Year of the Diabetic Foot. Diabetic feet tend to be under-recognised as a health issue, despite the fact that ulceration, gangrene, and amputations are more common complications of diabetes than dialysis and blindness. The statistics are startling: one in six diabetic patients will have a foot ulcer, with even more patients affected in developing countries; over 1 million amputations for diabetes-related complications occur every year.

A worldwide increase in type 2 diabetes means that health-care planners and professionals are facing an ever growing tide of patients with diabetes-related complications. Better prevention, restructuring of diabetes care, and advances in treatment are all needed. Diabetes and Foot Care: Time to Act aims to educate people with diabetes, health-care professionals, and policymakers about the disease and ways to prevent amputations. This is both its strength and its weakness. The concentration on organisation of care, education, and structures is exactly what is needed in countries and centres without structured foot care. But each chapter has to cover such a broad range of topics that some sections are disjointed and occasionally baffling. I would have preferred a separate section for each of the three target audiences, although the colour-coding key for each of the interest groups is useful.

The prevention and treatment of diabetic foot disease is challenging. I would, however, take issue with the statement that foot care problems are the easiest of all the diabetic complications to prevent. Surely, if it were true then rates of recurrent ulceration would not exceed 50% in most series. This is not to decry screening and preventative treatment. They are vital and have probably had a major role in the changing nature of foot ulceration. As the book makes clear, the number of peer-reviewed publications about the diabetic foot has increased ten-fold in the past decade. Despite this progress, there is still no clear evidence for the effectiveness of most individual interventions. The clearest evidence—and even this is from case-control studies—is for secondary sector multidisciplinary foot care teams. For this reason, and rightly, the book devotes as many pages to developing such systems on local and national scales as to the minutiae of ulcer treatment.

The section on treatment of foot ulceration is the weakest part of the book. There is an evidence gap about the specifics of such treatment. A Cochrane review has concluded that debridement of ulceration is a good thing, but there is no guidance on how much, how often, and for which ulcers. The control of infection is important, since infection plays a large part in tissue destruction leading to amputation. However, there is no evidence about the best antibiotic regimen or for how long it should be taken. The IWGDF steers a middle ground of consensus. Their document informs this book and so cannot be expected to be different. Offloading is, once again, stated as the most important aspect of care for diabetic foot ulcers. Although recent evidence suggests that non-removable devices are most effective, the book again has to take a broader view because of the diversity of its audience and so the advice is diluted. Various devices are presented as solutions for offloading, but few if any are validated by more than small case series. Medicine is often described as being as much of an art as a science, and this is particularly true of the care of diabetic foot ulceration. The evidence gap means that local services find their own solutions, informed where possible by the published literature and their own experiences. Most clinics see too few ulcer patients to do more than this. This book varies between prescriptive rules and generalised advice; this is a difficult balance and is partly successful.

The remit of the International Diabetes Federation is to raise standards in diabetes care globally and the sections on worldwide initiatives focus on each region. These initiatives are inspiring and give clues about how to set up your own service, but to use half the book to do this is surprising. A shorter section would have sufficed and allowed more space to address service requirements—from basic provision to centres of excellence. Such information would perhaps have met the organisational aspirations of those wishing to develop foot care services.

This is an ambitious book that succeeds in its main goal of raising awareness. The message that is clearly learnt from the book is that structured care can reduce the number of amputations in diabetic patients by at least half. This is the key message for people with diabetes, health-care professionals looking after them, and policymakers organising diabetes care. Although the book does not impart much new information to established practitioners, it highlights the seriousness of diabetic foot problems around the world and underlines how far each region needs to go to reach a common standard for the good of all patients.

Diabetes Prevalence

Diabetes is a serious condition for the individual and society. Its rapidly increasing global prevalence is a significant cause for concern.

In 2007, it is estimated that there are 246 million people with diabetes in the adult population in the seven regions of IDF. In 2003, the total was 194 million.

Type 2 diabetes constitutes about 85% to 95% of all diabetes cases in developed countries and accounts for an even higher percentage in developing countries. The epidemic nature of diabetes continues to affect ever-increasing numbers of people around the world while public awareness remains low.

In 2007, it is estimated that 7.3% of adults aged 20-79 in all IDF member countries have diabetes. The Western Pacific Region and the European Region have the highest number of people with diabetes, approximately 67 and 53 million respectively. The highest rate of diabetes prevalence is to be found in the North American region (9.2%) followed by the European Region (8.4%).

Diabetes: a forecast

The number of people with diabetes is expected to increase alarmingly in the coming decades. In 1985, an estimated 30 million people worldwide had diabetes; in 2000, a little over a decade later, the figure had risen to over 150 million. By 2025, the figure is expected to rise to 380 million.

The prevalence of diabetes is higher in developed countries than in developing countries, but the latter will be hit the hardest by the escalating diabetes epidemic. Increased urbanization, westernization and economic development in developing countries have already contributed to a substantial rise in diabetes.

The prevalence of diabetes in adults is projected to rise in both developed and developing countries. While diabetes is most common among the elderly in many populations, prevalence rates are significantly rising among comparatively young and productive populations in the developing world.

Causes of the rise

The alarming increase of diabetes prevalence is projected to occur because of:

  • Population ageing
  • Unhealthy diet
  • Overweight and obesity
  • A sedentary lifestyle

All over the world, traditional lifestyles and dietary patterns that have sustained people over generations are disappearing. Socio-economic realities mean that families are often forced to move away from rural areas and into urban areas to seek employment. Diabetes is primarily concentrated in urban areas and this characteristic is destined to increase in the future as a result of rapid industrialization in many countries.